System for electrically locking a steering column, and steering column including such a locking system

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to an electric locking system ( 1 ) for locking the position of a steering column of a vehicle relative to the dashboard of said vehicle, the steering column including a tube-body movably mounted in a supporting assembly for enabling the manual adjustment of said steering column. The locking system includes means ( 2 ) for locking the tube-body on the supporting assembly, an electric motor ( 4 ) coupled to the locking means ( 2 ) for driving the latter and placing the steering column in an unlocked state or a locked state, motor control means providing motor actuation instructions for placing the steering column in the locked state and/or in the unlocked state, and means for detecting the state of the steering column and for generating an electric signal representative of the state of the column.

The invention relates to an electric locking system for the position ofa steering column of a vehicle relative to the dashboard of saidvehicle.

The electric locking system according to the invention applies to asteering column adjustable manually, either by depth and height, or bydepth or height. The steering column comprises a steering shaft mountedin a mobile body-tube, the body-tube being connected to a supportingassembly to be fixed to the vehicle's chassis or to a body element.

The application of electrical locking systems to adjustable steeringcolumns is known as such. As an example, let us quote internationalapplication WO2008/152253 and European patent application EP1531111. Thesystems described in these applications have, however, the disadvantageof imposing the use of a specific electronic system for the control ofthe steering column to be integrated into a vehicle logic controller.Its integration imposes either a modification of the existing logiccontroller if the resources and interfaces of the latter allow it, orthe development of a specific logic controller. Moreover, theintegration of the electronic control system requires the implementationof a bunch of extra cables between the related logic controller and thelocking system, generating for that reason problems of integration,cost, weight and operating safety of the locking system.

Another type of electrical locking system is described in patentapplication EP1375296. This application covers a steering columnmechanism with electric control comprising means for locking the bodytube onto the supporting assembly coupled to an electric motor. Theelectric motor is arranged to drive the locking means into a positionplacing the steering column in a locked state or in an unlocked state.The mechanism is arranged to enable, once the steering column is set inthe unlocked state, the adjustment of the steering column withoutassistance from the electric motor.

The mechanism in application EP1375296, as provided for, presentshowever the disadvantage of not allowing automatic detection of thestate of the column, further to a specific actuation of the electricmotor control means, and consequently generating appropriate actions forsuccessful unlocking or locking of the column depending on the ordergiven. Thus, when the driver observes that the steering column is notsufficiently unlocked or locked, he has to proceed himself to freshmanoeuvres to place the steering column in the state required. Suchmanoeuvres prove, furthermore, particularly dangerous when theinsufficiency of the locking of the steering column is observed by thedriver when the vehicle is moving.

The invention aims to remedy the problems in the prior art mentionedpreviously by proposing an electric locking system enabling the state ofthe steering column to be detected in such a way as to generateappropriate actions to reach the state ordered (locked state or unlockedstate).

The invention also has the aim of proposing an electric locking systemthat is compact and easy to implement on the steering column.

To that end, and according to a first aspect, the invention proposes anelectric locking system for the position of a vehicle's steering columnrelative to the dashboard of said vehicle, the steering columncomprising a supporting assembly to be fixed to a vehicle chassis and abody tube movably mounted in the supporting assembly to enable manualadjustment of the position of the body-tube relative to the supportingassembly, the locking system comprising means for locking the body-tubeonto the supporting assembly, an electric motor coupled to the means forlocking the body-tube to drive the locking means in such a way as toplace the steering column in an unlocked state or in a locked state,electric motor control means providing instructions for actuating theelectric motor to place the steering column in the locked state and/orunlocked state and means for detecting the state of the steering columnto emit an electric signal representative of the state of the steeringcolumn.

The presence of detection means thus enables the detection of the actualstate of the steering column obtained in response to an actuationinstruction given by the control means. In other words, the detectionmeans enable the determination of whether the steering column iscorrectly placed in the expected state, unlocked or locked. If this isnot so, depending on the electric signal emitted representative of thestate detected by the detection means, the system generates instructionsfor actuation of the electric motor to place the column in the locked orunlocked state ordered.

Advantageously, the locking system comprises a control unit connected tothe control means, to feed the electric motor in response to theactuation instructions.

Advantageously, the control unit is connected to the detection means toemit an alarm depending on the electric signal representative of thestate of the steering column and of the actuation instructions.

Advantageously, the control unit is borne by the electric motor. Thisthus offers an autonomous locking system, able to replace a manualtightening lever and the related clamping device.

Advantageously, the means for detecting comprise a sensor and an encoderarranged on the electric motor coupled to a sensor in such a way as todetect the number of revolutions made by the electric motor.

Advantageously, the sensor is added to the control unit. This thusenables the deletion of all wire links between the electric motor andthe control unit, thus favouring the compactness of the locking system,but also improving the operating safety of the control unit.

Advantageously, the sensor and the encoder are respectively a magneticfield sensor and a magnetic encoder, the magnetic encoder having atleast one pair of poles attached to the electric motor.

Preferably, the locking system comprises means of the detection of thenon-execution of the instructions for actuation by the electric motor.Advantageously, the means of detection of the non-execution of actuationinstructions are coupled to alert means providing a sound and/or visualsignal.

Advantageously, the control means are positioned on a level with asteering wheel, in such a way as to make easier its manipulation by thedriver of the vehicle and thus minimise any dangerous manoeuvre on thepart of said driver.

In a particularly advantageous mode of implementation, provision may bemade for the locking system to comprise means for informingautomatically a user, directly or by means of a logic controller, of thestate of the steering column. This enables thus to provide the driverwith the assurance that the state ordered for unlocking or locking hasbeen reached.

The invention relates also to a steering column comprising a supportingassembly to be fixed to a vehicle chassis and a body-tube movablymounted in the supporting assembly to enable manual adjustment of theposition of the body-tube relative to the supporting assembly, the saidcolumn comprising a locking system as described previously.

According to another aspect, the invention proposes a method foradjusting the position of a vehicle's steering column relative to thedashboard of said vehicle, the steering column comprising a supportingassembly to be fixed to a vehicle chassis and a body-tube movablymounted in the supporting assembly, the method comprising the stepsconsisting in i) unlocking the steering column by actuating an electricmotor to place the steering column in an unlocked state, ii) adjustingmanually the position of the body-tube relative to the supportingassembly, and iii) locking the steering column by actuation of anelectric motor to place the steering column in a locked state, themethod being characterised in that it comprises a step for detecting thestate of the steering column and a step for emitting an electric signalrepresentative of the state of the steering column.

Provision may be then advantageously made for instructions to begenerated, depending on the signal emitted, for actuation of theelectric motor in such a way as to place the column in the locked orunlocked state ordered.

According to a particularly advantageous mode of implementation, theadjustment method comprises a preliminary step for checking theexistence of calibration parameters in the memory in a control unit ofthe electric motor.

Advantageously, when the existence of calibration parameters is notverified, a step may be provided for calibrating the electric motor, thecalibration step consisting in determining and storing in the controlunit specific data for changing from an unlocked state to a locked stateof the steering column, and vice versa.

Advantageously, the specific data comprise the number of revolutions ina given direction to be gone through by the electric motor relative to adatum position to reach a given position corresponding to the unlockedstate and/or locked state of the steering column.

Advantageously, the position of the electric motor characterising theunlocking of the steering column is determined from a mechanical limitstop position for the electric motor rotating in the directioncorresponding to unlocking the steering column and from the number ofrevolutions made by the motor. “Position of the electric motor” shouldbe understood as the number of revolutions made by the rotary shaft ofsaid motor.

Advantageously, the electric motor is stopped automatically when itreaches the position characterising the unlocked and/or locked state ofthe steering column.

Advantageously, provision may be made for an automatic steering-columnlocking step by the control unit when the time of holding the steeringcolumn in the unlocked state exceeds a given holding time limitthreshold.

Other aims and advantages of the invention will appear during thedescription that follows, referencing the appended drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a steering column fitted with anelectric locking system for the position of said column according to theinvention;

FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the electric locking system in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the electric locking system in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the processing unit of the electriclocking system in FIG. 2;

FIGS. 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 d show a block diagram of the electric lockingsystem according to the four configurations of the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a flow chart relative to the adjustment operation for thesteering column;

FIG. 7 shows a flow chart relative to the calibration operation for thesteering column;

FIG. 8 shows a flow chart relative to the procedure for managing theteeth-on-teeth for adjustment in the case of a rack and pinion steeringcolumn.

For increased clarity, identical or similar elements in the variousmodes of implementation are indicated by identical reference signs onall the Figures.

With respect to FIGS. 1 to 3, there is a description of an electriclocking system 1 for the position of a steering column 100 for a vehiclerelative to the dashboard of said vehicle. The steering column 100comprises a supporting assembly to be fixed onto a vehicle chassis andbody-tube movably mounted in the supporting assembly in such a way as toenable manual adjustment by height and/or depth of the steering column100.

The locking system 1, illustrated on FIG. 2, comprises means for locking2 intended to block the body-tube onto the supporting assembly of thesteering column 100, electric actuation means 3 arranged to drive thelocking means 2 in such a way as to place the steering column 100 in anunlocked state or in a locked state, control means 120 (not shown onFIG. 2) to control locking means 2 by means of the electric actuationmeans 3, plus the means for detecting the state of the steering column.

The control means 120 constituting the interface with the driver.According to a specific mode of implementation, the control means 120consist in a pushbutton (hereunder named control button 120) or, inorder to reduce the risks of pressing it inadvertently, two pushbuttons, preferably arranged in series. It is of course evident that thecontrol means 120 may take a form other than that of a push button,without leaving the scope of the invention. It may, for example, be aswitch, a sensor or a logic controller. It may also be high-frequencysignal or a voice command.

Advantageously, the control button 120 is set on the vehicle's steeringwheel. This location also provides better access and better visibilityof the control button 120. In another configuration, the control button120 may be set on a support other than the steering wheel, whileremaining near the latter in such a way as to facilitate itsmanipulation.

Advantageously, the locking system is configured so that i) pressing thecontrol button 120 leads to the unlocking of the steering column 100,thus enabling the manual adjustment of the latter by height and/or bydepth, ii) releasing the control button 120 leads to the locking of thesteering column 100, which is then locked in the position in which itwas when control button 120 was released, and iii) prolonged pressingthe control button 100 starts a reset of the calibration parameters. Inother words, the calibration parameters are deleted. The calibration andreset cycle will be detailed further on.

The electric actuation means 3 comprise on the one hand an electricmotor 4 with a rotary shaft, and on the other hand a control unit 5 intowhich is integrated an electronic logic controller (FIGS. 4 and 5 a).

In the implementation mode described, the control unit 5 is borne by theelectric motor 4, by the ends of the rotary shaft of said motor.

Moreover, as will be seen further down, the electronic logic controllerof the control unit 5 enables the management of three main actions:calibration of the electric motor 4, adjustment of the steering column100, plus the execution of a programme named “fault” in the event oflocking or unlocking incidents or of failure to respond to an orderlaunched by the electronic logic controller.

Advantageously, the control unit 5 is coupled to control means 120.Thus, depending on the action exercised on the control means 120(pressing, whether or not followed by adjustment of the steering column,releasing the pressure), they provide to control unit 5 instructions forthe actuation of the electric motor 4. More specifically, depending onthe action exercised on the control means 120, specific instructions aregiven to the processing unit 5 to the electric motor 4 which is actuatedaccordingly (actuation of the electric motor 4 for its calibration,actuation of the electric motor 4 to change the steering column 100 froma locked state to an unlocked state and vice versa, actuation of theelectric motor 4 to manage incidents involving locking or unlocking orinvolving the non execution of orders from the electronic logiccontroller).

The control unit 5 also comprises a printed circuit board 50, aninterface between the printed circuit board 50 and the control means 120or specific modules of the vehicle, means 8 enabling the connection ofthe printed circuit board onto the electric motor 4, a microcontroller116, and means for detecting the state of the steering column 100(unlocked or locked state) following an order from the electric motor 4.The means 8 may be wired or otherwise.

Advantageously, the interface with the vehicle may be a connector or abunch of cables directly wired onto the control unit 5.

The interface is configured so that the control unit 5 receives, fromthe vehicle, input signals relating to authorisation for the adjustmentof the steering column 100 and to the autonomous power supply to theelectric locking system 1.

Advantageously, the adjustment authorisation for the steering column 100is characterised by a signal named “enable”, as illustrated on FIG. 4.The input 110 of the “enable” signal is connected to the control unit 5.Provision may, however, be made, as illustrated on FIG. 4, for the input110 of this signal to be also connected to the control button 120. Thus,when the “enable” signal is active, pressing the control button 120 isdetected by the control unit 5, the latter being fed at that time. Whenthe “enable” signal is inactive, pressing the control button 120 doesnot generate any action from the control unit 5, which is not receivingits power supply at that time. Consumption is therefore nil, leakagecurrent notwithstanding.

The autonomous power supply to the locking system 1 is characterised bythe “+Batt” (or “battery”) and “GND” 111 signals. In a specificconfiguration, the voltage is supplied permanently and directly by thevehicle's battery.

Provision may also be made for the interface to also be configured forthe control unit 5 to provide the vehicle with an output signal relatedto the locking and unlocking incidents of the steering column 100 and/orto the non-execution of an order from the control unit 5. Thelocking/unlocking incidents of the steering column 100, plus thenon-execution of an order, are advantageously characterised by a signalnamed “fault” shown on FIG. 4 (signal given by the printed circuit onoutput 112).

Advantageously, the control unit 5 is connected to alert means enablingthe user to be alerted to locking/unlocking incidents and/or tonon-execution of an order by the electric motor 4. The alert meansconsist for example of an indicator light, such as a light-emittingdiode placed on the dashboard or integrated into the control button 120and/or a device enabling the emission of a sound signal. The alert mayalso be given by means of an error message displayed on the screen of anon-board computer in the vehicle.

As for the means for detecting, they are arranged to emit an electricsignal representative of the locked state and/or unlocked state of thesteering column 100.

In the following, the detection means comprise a magnetic field sensor 6and a magnetic encoder 7 with N pairs of poles and attached to the endof the rotary shaft of the electric motor 4 on which the control unit 5is borne. It is of course evident that other suitable types of sensors,and thus of encoders, may be used without leaving the scope of theinvention. In particular, the sensors used may be, for example, of theHall-effect, magnetoresistive, angular or infrared type.

Sensor 6 is arranged with the magnetic encoder 7 in such a way as todetect an electric pulse corresponding to each of the poles passing infront of the magnetic field sensor 6. In the mode of implementationdescribed, the magnetic field sensor 6 is put on the control unit 5. Theadvantage of this configuration is to enable improved mechatronicintegration and the deletion of all wire connections between theelectric motor 4 and the printed circuit board, reducing thus the costof manufacturing the locking system 1 but also improving the operatingsafety of the control unit 5.

As for the microcontroller 116, it includes the software managing thecontrol strategy of the electric motor, the control of the electricmotor 4, the acquisition of the signal emitted by the magnetic fieldsensor 6 on each of the pulses recorded when the poles of the magneticencoder 7 pass, the adaptation strategy as a function of the powersupply voltage and the control of the output of the “fault” signal.

The microcontroller 116 also controls advantageously the power supply tothe control unit. Thus, the microcontroller may order that its own powersupply be cut off when the programme related to the unlocking/locking ofthe steering column, managed by the microcontroller 116, has beenexecuted. This enables thus the electric consumption to be limited tojust the leakage current when the control unit 5 is not operating. Onlypressing the control button 120 will be able to enable theinitialisation of a new motor control cycle and therefore a new powersupply to the control unit. This is because, if the “enable” signal ispresent, the microcontroller 116 is fed temporarily when the controlbutton 120 is pressed. It then actuates the regulator such that powersupply regulation is actuated. The regulator then provides the energynecessary for the components on the printed circuit board via theBattery module related to the “battery” signal. The power supply is fromthen dissociated from the control button 120.

As we will see further on, the operation of the electric locking system1 is based on parameters for the calibration of the motor storedbeforehand in an EEPROM type memory 115 in the control unit. Writing thecalibration parameters in the memory 115, reading them and deleting themis done by the microcontroller 116. In the configuration required, thememory 115 may be a component connected to or integrated into themicrocontroller 116.

In one advantageous configuration, the power supply to the control unit5 is regulated. To do this, control unit 5 comprises means enabling the“battery” voltage to be adapted according to the requirements of thevarious components in the control unit such as the microcontroller 116.The means for adapting the “battery” voltage are, for example, a voltageregulator combined with filter components.

Advantageously, the control unit 5 comprises an analogue adapter 114enabling the “battery” voltage to be adapted in such a way as for themicrocontroller 116 to be able to detect a variation in the voltage ofthe power supply to the electric motor 4 and adapt its control strategyas a function of this parameter (protection of inputs/outputs of theprinted circuit board, management of motor inertia, etc.). In otherwords, the analogue adapter 114 gives an image of the voltage of thepower supply to the motor within a range of variation that can be readby the microcontroller 116.

Advantageously, the power supply, breaking, plus the reversal of thepolarity of the electric motor 4 enabling the change in its rotationdirection, are obtained by means of an H bridge (reference 117 on FIG.4).

Advantageously, the electric motor 4 is coupled to the locking means 2of the body-tube using means for transmitting the motion of rotation ofthe electric motor 4.

The steering column 100 is adjusted according the following generalprinciple, also shown on FIG. 6.

When the control button 120 is pressed, the electric motor 4 is actuatedin the direction related to unlocking the steering column 100, driving,when it rotates, the locking means 2 in such a way as to release thetension exercised by the locking means on the steering column. Thesteering column 100 is then unlocked. One may proceed to the manualadjustment of the column.

When the control button 120 is released, the electric motor 4 isactuated in the opposite direction, driving, when it rotates, thelocking means 2 in such a way as to apply again a tension between thelocking means 2 and the steering column 100. The steering column 100locked, its adjustment is then impossible.

The tension applied by the locking means 2 to the steering column 100,and thus the conformance of the locking or unlocking is linked directlyto the number of revolutions made by the electric motor. This datum isobtained thanks to the detection means, that is the magnetic encoder 7and the magnetic field sensor 6 put on the electric motor 4 and thecontrol unit 5 respectively. This is because, when the motor isactuated, the magnetic encoder 7 with N pairs of poles, attached to themotor's rotary shaft, turns in front of the magnetic field sensor borneby the control unit 5. The microcontroller 116, that picks up the numberof pulses detected by the sensor, then determines the number ofrevolutions made by the electric motor 4, it being considered that Npulses correspond to one motor revolution.

Unlocking or locking the steering column 100 is done therefore accordingto a specific type of control of the electric motor 4 by means ofactuation of the control means 120.

In one advantageous configuration, provision is made, prior to theactuation of the electric motor 4 by the control means 120, for thelogic controller of the control unit 5 to proceed to a verification stepfor the existence of calibration parameters of the electric motor 4registered in the memory 115 of the control unit 5.

If the existence of calibration parameters in memory 115 is verified,the control unit 5 authorises the operations enabling the change fromthe locked state to the unlocked state of the steering column 100. Onthe other hand, if the existence of calibration parameters is notverified, the control unit 5 actuates the calibration of the electricmotor 4. This operation will be described further on.

To change the steering column 100 from the locked state to the unlockedstate, the control unit 5 controls the electric motor 4 in such a way asto drive it to rotate in the direction corresponding to unlockingsteering column 100. The electric motor 4 then runs until it reaches aposition called “soft stop”. It characterises the optimal position forwhich the control unit 5 must give the order to no longer feed theelectric motor 4. It constitutes one of the calibration parameters forthe electric motor 4. It corresponds therefore, as we will see furtheron, to a position determined during a prior step for calibrating theelectric motor 4.

When the control unit 5 detects that the “soft” position of the electricmotor 4 has been reached, the motor's power supply is cut off.

After having chosen the position of the steering column 100, the userreleases the control button 120. This action then generates the orderfor the electric motor 4 to be rotated by the unit in the directionopposite to the direction corresponding to unlocking the steering column100 (direction corresponding to locking the steering column 100). Theelectric motor 4 then runs until it reaches a position known as“locked”. This position also constitutes a parameter for calibrating theelectric motor 4. It corresponds therefore, as we will see further on,to a position determined during a prior step for calibrating theelectric motor 4.

When the control unit 5 detects that the “locked” position of theelectric motor 4 has been reached, the motor's power supply is cut off.

In the specific case of steering columns locked by a rack system, itproves necessary to perform checking operations to make sure that thesteering column 100 is completely unlocked or locked depending on theorder given. This is because, the steering column 100 is in a correctlylocked state when the toothed elements of the rack locking system arepositioned in such a way as for the teeth to imbricate together and in acorrectly unlocked state when the teeth on each of the elements in thelocking system are no longer in contact. On the contrary, the steeringcolumn 100 is in an incorrectly locked state when the toothed elementsof the rack locking system are positioned in such a way as for the teethto overlap. We then talk of a “teeth-on-teeth” position. For steeringcolumns locked by a rack system, provision is therefore made for thereto be extra calibration parameters related to an “unlocked zone” and a“locked zone” corresponding to a zone where the steering column 100 iscompletely unlocked and a zone where the steering column 100 iscompletely locked respectively.

The unlocked and locked zones are zones between respectively a firstpredefined position specific to a steering column and the mechanicalunlocking limit blocking position on the one hand, and between a secondpredefined position, also specific to the steering column, and themechanical limit blocking position on the other hand.

Thus, following a column unlocking order given, the control unitproceeds, after the motor has stopped (step 38), to verification wherebythe steering column 100 is actually unlocked, i.e. checking whether thecurrent position of the column is actually in the unlocked zone storedin the memory. If this is so, the “fault” variable is forced onto“false”. Otherwise, the “fault” variable is forced onto “true”, i.e. theunlocking cycle is reset.

Similarly, following a order given for locking the steering column, thecontrol unit 5 proceeds, after the motor has been stopped (step 45), toverification whereby the steering column 100 is actually locked, i.e.checking whether the current position of the column is actually in thelocked zone 30 stored in the memory. If this is so, the “fault” variableis forced onto “false”. On the other hand, if the current position ofthe steering column 100 is not within the locked zone, a“teeth-on-teeth” management procedure is actuated.

The “teeth-on-teeth” management procedure, shown on the diagram in FIG.8, consists in successive attempts to bring the steering column 100 toposition itself in the locked zone. More specifically, the control unit5 is going to proceed to ordering several attempts at unlocking thenlocking the steering column 100 without an intervention by the userbeing necessary. Advantageously, the number of attempts will be three.On each attempt, a related meter is incremented (step 24). Between eachattempt, a time delay between 0 and 3 seconds may be provided.

As long as the number of attempts authorised is not exceeded, the orderunlocks the steering column 100 up to a predetermined intermediateposition (step 32), stops the motor (step 33), waits for a predefinedtime (step 34) then resumes the normal locking cycle (FIG. 6) untillocking is correct. The choice of unlocking the steering column 100 onlyup to an intermediate position enables the time for the attempts to bereduced.

If the number of attempts authorised is reached (step 25), without acorrect locking operation having been performed, the “fault” variable isforced onto true. The motor is then controlled by the control unit 5 inthe unlocking direction (step 27) until it is blocked on the mechanicallimit stop (step 28), then its power supply is cut off (step 29). Thestop positions are not saved, and the system is considered as noncalibrated. The adjustment operation for the steering column 100 is notthen authorised.

The management of “teeth-on-teeth” may also consist in a steering columnunlocking step which will be followed by a new attempt at locking when anew change in the state of the actuation signal is generated (forexample by the control means 120). This also enables the driver to movethe steering wheel and thus to leave the “teeth-on-teeth” zone.

Advantageously, provision may be made for automatic deactuation of thecontrol button 120 of the electric motor 4 after a certain time,predefined and registered in the memory 115 of the control unit 5. Thesteering column 100 will not be able to remain unlocked, even in thecase of the control button 120 remaining depressed when the user is nolonger pressing it.

The calibration step for the electric motor 4, shown on the diagram inFIG. 7, consists in determining and storing in the control unit 5specific data to which the electric motor 4 must respond, depending onwhether the column changes from a locked state to an unlocked state orvice versa. These data constitute the calibration parameters for theelectric motor 4.

The calibration parameters comprise, in particular but not exclusively,the “soft stop” position, the locked position, the unlocking and lockingzones when the steering column 100 is a rack column.

For calibration to start, it is necessary to fulfil calibrationconditions. The calibration conditions comprise pressing the controlbutton 120 at least once during a defined time, a power supply voltagefor the electric motor 4 within a defined range, the absence ofcalibration parameters such that the current position of the steeringcolumn, the number of pulses corresponding to the “soft stops” saved inthe memory 115 of the control unit 5.

Once the calibration conditions are fulfilled, the first manoeuvre inthe calibration cycle consists in determining the position of the “softstop”. The “soft stop” position is quantified by a number of pulses. Itcorresponds to the position for which the electric motor 4 is blockedmechanically at the end of complete travel plus a number N of pulses.The number N of pulses is determined according to several criteria, andin particular the power supply voltage and inertia of the motor. Thenumber N is permanently updated as a function of the variation of thesecriteria. To do this, the electric motor 4 is always stopped beforereaching the mechanical block at the end of travel. This enables thusthe avoidance of a motor shock occurring, and consequently the avoidanceof the noise caused by such a shock.

The “soft stop” position is determined in the following manner. Theelectric motor 4 is controlled by the control unit 5 in a directioncorresponding to unlocking the steering column 100 and this is doneuntil the motor stops at the mechanical limit stop. When the electricmotor 4 reaches the mechanical limit stop, the sensor records no morepulses relating to the poles of the passage of the magnetic encoder 7 infront of the sensor when the motor is still receiving its power supply.The “soft stop” is then deduced and saved in the memory 115 of controlunit 5.

The second manoeuvre in the calibration cycle consists of determiningthe position for locking the steering column 100.

To do this, the electric motor 4 is driven by the control unit 5 in thedirection corresponding to locking until the motor is stopped by beingblocked. The control unit 5, detecting the blocking of the electricmotor 4, cuts off the motor's power supply. Blocking the electric motor4 corresponds, in steering columns other than rack columns, to thearrival at the end of motor travel. This end-of-travel positioncorresponds to optimal locking of the steering column 100. Theend-of-travel position thus determined is then saved in the memory 115of the control unit 5.

Blocking the electric motor 4 may however occur, in the case of steeringcolumns locked by a rack system when the elements in the rack lockingsystem are positioned teeth-on-teeth. In this case, although theelectric motor 4 is blocked, the steering column 100 is not locked. Itis therefore necessary, for such steering columns, to define the lockingzone in which locking the steering column 100 is guaranteed.

It is therefore necessary, in the case of steering columns locked by arack system, to check whether the steering column 100 is actuallylocked, that is to check whether the current position of the steeringcolumn 100 is in the locking zone. If such is the case, the currentposition is saved and the calibration is considered as completed. On theother hand, if the current position after blocking the electric motor 4is outside the locked zone, the procedure for managing “teeth-on-teeth”described previously is actuated.

In the example of electric locking system 1 described previously, theelectronic logic controller is integrated into the control unit 5 (FIG.5 a). Provision may, however, be made, as illustrated by FIGS. 5 b, 5 cand 5 d, for an electric adjustment system 1 whose control unit 5 isassociated with an already existing electronic logic controller 130 ofthe vehicle (logic controllers for the vehicle's air conditioning, powersteering, etc.). Depending on the case, it may be advantageous toprovide an existing electronic logic controller 130 arranged in such away as to link the control means 120 to the control unit 5 (FIG. 5 b).In another configuration, the system may not include control unit 5 asdescribed previously. The vehicle's existing electronic logic controllerwill then be arranged in such a way as to link the control means 120 tothe steering column 100 (FIG. 5 d).

Moreover, the locking means 2 will be able to be advantageously of thetype of those described in the international application WO2008/152253.

Advantageously, the locking system may include means for communicatingby CAN, LIN or similar protocol enabling the system to communicate withother logic controllers in the vehicle.

Advantageously, provision may be made for a continuous power supply tothe locking system in such a way as to enable adjustment not only whenthe vehicle is stopped, but also when the vehicle is moving.

The invention is described above as an example. It should be noted thatthe persons skilled in the art can make various alternate embodiments ofthe invention without leaving the scope of the invention.

1. Electric locking system (1) for the position of a steering column(100) of a vehicle relative to the dashboard of said vehicle, thesteering column (100) comprising a supporting assembly to be fixed to avehicle chassis and a body-tube movably mounted in the supportingassembly to enable manual adjustment of the position of thebody-tube-relative to the supporting assembly, the locking systemcomprising: means for locking (2) the body-tube onto the supportingassembly, an electric motor (4) coupled to the means for locking (2) thebody-tube to drive the locking means (2) in such a way as to place thesteering column (100) in an unlocked state or in a locked state, meansfor controlling (120) the electric motor (4), providing instructions forthe actuation of the electric motor (4) to place the steering column(100) in a locked state and/or an unlocked state, means for detectingthe state of the steering column (100) for emitting an electric signalrepresentative of the state of the steering column (100), characterisedin that, furthermore, the locking system comprises means for detectingthe non-execution of the actuation instructions by the electric motor.2. Electric locking system (1) for the position of a steering column(100) according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprisesfurthermore a control unit (5) connected to the means for controlling,to feed the electric motor in response to the actuation instructions. 3.Electric locking system (1) for the position of a steering column (100)according to claim 2, characterised in that the control unit (5) isconnected to the means for detecting to emit an alarm depending on theelectric signal representative of the state of the steering column andactuation instructions.
 4. Electric locking system (1) for the positionof a steering column (100) according to claim 2, characterised in thatthe control unit (5) is borne by the electric motor (4).
 5. Electriclocking system (1) for the position of a steering column (100) accordingto claim 1, characterised in that the means for detecting comprise anencoder (7) arranged on the electric motor (4) coupled to a sensor (6)in such a way as to detect the number of revolutions made by theelectric motor (4).
 6. Electric locking system (1) for the position of asteering column (100) according to claim 5, characterised in that thesensor (6) is arranged on the control unit (54)
 7. Electric lockingsystem (1) for the position of a steering column (100) according toclaim 5, characterised in that the sensor (6) and the encoder (7) arerespectively a magnetic field sensor (6) and a magnetic encoder (7), themagnetic encoder having at least one pair of poles attached to theelectric motor (4).
 8. Electric locking system (1) for the position of asteering column (100) according to claim 1, characterised in that thesaid means are coupled to alert means providing a sound and/or visualsignal.
 9. Electric locking system (1) for the position of a steeringcolumn (100) according to claim 1, characterised in that the controlmeans (120) are positioned on a level with a steering wheel. 10.Steering column (100) comprising a supporting assembly to be fixed to avehicle chassis and a body-tube movably mounted in the supportingassembly to enable manual adjustment of the position of the body-tuberelative to the supporting assembly, characterised in that it comprisesa locking system according to claim
 1. 11. Method for adjusting theposition of a vehicle's steering column (100) relative to the dashboardof said vehicle, the steering column (100) comprising a supportingassembly to be fixed to a vehicle chassis and a body-tube movablymounted in the supporting assembly, the method comprising the steps of:unlocking the steering column (100) by actuating an electric motor (4)to place the steering column in an unlocked state, adjusting manuallythe position of the body-tube relative to the supporting assembly,locking the steering column (100) by actuating an electric motor (4) toplace the steering column in a locked state, the method beingcharacterised in that it comprises a step with detection of the state ofthe steering column (100) and a step with the emission of an electricsignal representative of the state of the steering column (100). 12.Method for adjusting the position of a vehicle's steering column (100)relative to the dashboard of said vehicle according to claim 11,characterised in that, depending on the signal emitted, instructions forthe actuation of the electric motor (4) are generated in such a way asto place the column in the locked or unlocked state expected.
 13. Methodfor adjusting the position of a vehicle's steering column (100) relativeto the dashboard of said vehicle according to claim 11, characterised inthat it comprises a preliminary step for checking the existence ofcalibration parameters in the memory in a control unit (5) of theelectric motor (4).
 14. Method for adjusting the position of a vehicle'ssteering column (100) relative to the dashboard of said vehicleaccording to claim 13, characterised in that the existence ofcalibration parameters is not verified, it is proceeded to a calibrationstep consisting in determining and storing in the control unit (5)specific data enabling the steering column (100) to be changed from anunlocked state to a locked state, and vice versa.
 15. Method foradjusting the position of a vehicle's steering column (100) relative tothe dashboard of said vehicle according to claim 14, characterised inthat the 1st specific data comprise the number of revolutions in a givendirection to be implemented by the electric motor (4) relative to areference position to reach a given position corresponding to theunlocked and/or locked state of the steering column (100).
 16. Methodfor adjusting the position of a vehicle's steering column (100) relativeto the dashboard of said vehicle according to claim 15, characterised inthat the position of the electric motor (4) enabling the unlocking ofthe steering column (100) is determined from a mechanical limit blockingposition for the electric motor (4) rotating in the directioncorresponding to unlocking the steering column (100) and from the numberof revolutions made by the motor
 17. Method for adjusting the positionof a vehicle's steering column (100) relative to the dashboard of saidvehicle according to claim 15, characterised in that the electric motor(4) is stopped automatically when it reaches the position characterisingthe unlocked and/or locked state of the steering column (100). 18.Method for adjusting the position of a vehicle's steering column (100)relative to the dashboard of said vehicle according to claim 11,characterised in that it comprises a step for the automatic locking ofthe steering column (100) by the control unit (5) when the steeringcolumn (100) holding time in the unlocked state exceeds a given holdingtime limit threshold.